International Journal of Reliability, Risk and Safety: Theory and Application

International Journal of Reliability, Risk and Safety: Theory and Application

Confidence level for Iranian Existing Moment Resisting RC Structures Based on Demand and Capacity Factored Design Method

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors
Sasan Motaghed 1
Amin Mehrabi Moghaddam 2
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering faculty, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
2 Maroon Dam Power Plant & Irrigation Network Operation Company, Behbahan, Iran
10.22034/IJRRS.2024.7.1.11
Abstract
The Demand and Capacity Factored Design (DCFD) method is a performance-based analytic approach used in structural engineering to assess analysis and design factors. This method involves calculating factored demand and capacity to ensure structural safety and reliability. By considering uncertainties in structural modelling and design parameters, the DCFD method provides a probabilistic framework for evaluating the performance of structures under various conditions. In recent decades, Iran has made significant advancements in the design and construction of structures following building codes. As a result, a considerable portion of residential buildings in the country now adhere to the latest building code editions. The Iranian Standard No. 2800, focusing on seismic-resistant building design, stands out as a crucial and impactful code among the various building regulations in Iran. Therefore, the question that emerges is how these regulations will impact the performance of intermediate-moment resisting reinforced concrete structures in upcoming events. In this research, the effectiveness of buildings designed according to the various versions of standard No. 2800 is assessed across operational (OP), immediate occupancy (IO), life safety (LS), and collapse prevention (CP) performance levels through the DCFD method. Structural non-linear analysis is conducted using incremental dynamic analysis. The results show that the confidence level of CP performance level, decreases with increasing height of structures, and the reliability of 8-storey structures is less than 90%. Therefore, it seems necessary to consider CP performance levels in seismic evaluations.
Keywords
Confidence level
Demand and capacity factored design (DCFD)
Structure performance prediction
Incremental dynamic analysis
Subjects
  1. Jalayer and C. A. Cornell, "Alternative non-linear demand estimation methods for probability-based seismic assessments," Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 951-972, 2009. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.918.
  2. Mehrabi-Moghaddam, S. Motaghed, A. Yazdani, and A. Mehrabi-Moghaddam, "Seismic Assessment of Collapse Prevention Limit-State of RC Structures Using Numerical Integration Method," in Proceeding of 11th National Congress on Civil Engineering, 2019. [Online]. Available:  https://civilica.com/doc/917769/
  3. Yazdani, A. Mehrabi-Moghaddam, and M. S. Shahidzadeh, "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames by Semi-Parametric Multiple-Strip Response Method," in Proceeding of 10th International Congress on Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, 5-7 May 2015. (in Persian). [Online]. Available: https://civilica.com/doc/364874/
  4. Barzian, S. Motaghed, A. Mehrabi Moghaddam, S. A. Asghari Pari, and L. Emadali, "Investigation the effect of structural parameters uncertainty on the response of incremental dynamic analysis of intermediate steel moment resisting frame structures," Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 175-195, 2022. (in Persian). doi: https://doi.org/ 10.22075/jsce.2022. 27323.1133.
  5. Motaghed, M. Khazaee, and M. Mohammadi, "The b-value estimation based on the artificial statistical method for Iran Kope-Dagh seismic province," Arabian Journal of Geosciences, vol. 14, no. 15, pp. 1-9, 2021. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07584-7.   
  6. Khanzadi, A. Nicknam, A. Yazdani, and S. Motaghed, "A Bayesian approach for seismic recurrence parameters estimation," Journal of Vibroengineering, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 977-986, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.21595/jve.2014.15188.
  7. Moradi Tayebi, S. Motaghed, and R. Dastanian, "Evaluation Chaotic Behavior and Time Series Prediction of Tehran Earthquakes," Modares Civil Engineering journal, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 147-160, 2020. (in Persian). [Online]. Available: https://mcej.modares.ac.ir/article-16-15687-en.html
  8. Motaghed, A. Nakhlian, L. Emadali, N. Eftekhari, and H. Mahmoudian, "Determining the natural frequency of Behbahan city soil using microtremor data analysis," Journal of Geography and Environmental Hazards, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 233-251, 2024. (in Persian). doi: https://doi.org/ 10.22059/jgeh.2024.37193
  9. Motaghed and S. Mohammadsadegh, "Seismic evaluation of middle span steel I-girder bridges," Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 104-110, 2011. doi: https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2011.104.110.
  10. Motaghed, A. Mehrabi Moghaddam, and N. Moayyeri, "Reliability of Iranian Existing Residential Reinforced Concrete Structures in Seismic Events," International Journal of Reliability, Risk and Safety: Theory and Application, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 55-64, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.22034/ijrrs.2023.6.2.7
  11. Building and Housing Research Center, BHRC, "Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Building, Standard No. 2800," Tehran, Iran, 1987, (in Persian). [Online]. Available:  https://dl.sazeplus.com/do.php?filename=2800-1-sazeplus-com.pdf
  12. Building and Housing Research Center, BHRC, "Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Building, Standard No. 2800, Second Revision," Tehran, Iran, 1999, (in Persian). [Online]. Available: https://dl.sazeplus.com/do.php?filename =2800-2-sazeplus-com.pdf
  13. Building and Housing Research Center, BHRC, "Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Building, Standard No. 2800, Third Revision," Tehran, Iran, 2005, (in Persian). [Online]. Available: https://shaghool.ir/downloadarea.php?id =3556
  14. Building & Housing Research Center, BHRC, "Iranian code of practice for the seismic resistant design of buildings, Standard No. 2800, Publication PNS-253, 4th Revision," Tehran, Iran, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://irandwg.com/product/ ویرایش-چهارم-استاندارد-2800/
  15. Motaghed and A. Khooshecharkh, "Probabilistic Evaluation of the Effects of Concrete Compression Strength on the Reinforced Concrete Building Damageability," European Journal of Scientific Research, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 202-207, 2011. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/ Valu e-of-the-parameters-in-different-analysis_tbl1_376831089
  16. Kalantari and H. Roohbakhsh, "Expected seismic fragility of code-conforming RC moment resisting frames under twin seismic events," Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 28, 101098, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101098.
  17. Yazdani, S. Motaghed, and A. Mehrabi Moghadam, "Evaluation of Seismic Risk Effect on Total Reliability Index of Structures, Case Study of Concrete Flexible Frame Frames," Asas Journal, vol. 18, no. 43, pp. 26-37, 2016. (in Persian) [Online]. Available: https://www.isceiran.org/ article_66415. html
  18. S. Motlagh, M. R. Dehkordi, M. Eghbali, and D. Samadian, "Evaluation of seismic resilience index for typical RC school buildings considering carbonate corrosion effects," International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 46, 101511, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101511.
  19. Fallah Tafti, K. Amini Hosseini, and B. Mansouri, "Generation of new fragility curves for common types of buildings in Iran," Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, vol. 18, pp. 3079-3099, 2020. doi: 10.1007/s10518-020-00867-7.
  20. Pazuki and A. A. Tasnimi, "Assessment of the Park-Ang Damage Index for Seismic Performance Levels of RC Moment Frames," Modares Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 43-53, 2017. [Online]. Available:  https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.sid.ir/FileServer/JF/7003613960104&ved=2ahUKEwjSofTl4NiHAxX3SPEDHaKyMHgQFnoECBYQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0s6p1D-sjN4QIcOF-O0m5H
  21. Hariri-Ardebili, S. Hoseini, and M. Ghaemian, "Uncertainty Quantification in Seismic Collapse Assessment of Iranian Code-Conforming RC Buildings," Scientia Iranica, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 2056-2065, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.24200/sci.2018.50546.1750.
  22. Sadeghpour and G. Ozay, "Evaluation of reinforced concrete frames designed based on previous Iranian seismic codes," Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, vol. 45, pp. 8069-8085, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04532-3.
  23. Rezaei and A. Massumi, "Seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame buildings designed by Iranian Seismic code," Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 209-217, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.22059/jsee.2014.51532.
  24. "Instruction for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings (No. 360)," Management and Planning Organization Office of Deputy for Technical Affairs, 2005. (in Persian). [Online]. Available:    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349929195_Instruction_for_Seismic_Rehabilitation_of_Existing_Buildings_Publication_No_360_First_Issue_2014
  25. Rahbari and A. A. Tasnimi, "Drift Magnification Factor of RCMRFs Based on Demand Capacity Ratio of Columns for Various Performance Levels," Modares Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 143-156, 2017. (in Persian). [Online]. Available: http://mcej.modares.ac.ir/article-16-5255-fa.html
  26. Motaghed, N. Eftekhari, M. Mohammadi, and M. Khazaee, "Logic tree branches’ weights in the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis: the need to combine inter-subjective and propensity probability interpretations," Journal of Seismology, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1035-1046, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10950-022-10090-6.
  27. Motaghed, M. S. Shahid Zadeh, A. Khooshecharkh, and M. Askari, "Implementation of AI for the Prediction of Failures of Reinforced Concrete Frames," International Journal of Reliability, Risk and Safety: Theory and Application, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1-7, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.30699/IJRRS.5.2.1
  28. Motaghed, A. Yazdani, A. Nicknam, and M. Khanzadi, "Sobol sensitivity generalization for engineering and science applications," Journal of Modeling in Engineering, vol. 16, no. 54, pp. 217-226, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.22059/jmei.2018.27049.
  29. Nicknam, M. Khanzadi, S. Motaghed, and A. Yazdani, "Applying b-value variation to seismic hazard analysis using closed-form joint probability distribution," Journal of Vibroengineering, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1376-1386, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.21595/jve.2014.15190.
  30. Khanzadi, A. Nicknam, A. Yazdani, and S. Motaghed, "A Bayesian approach for seismic recurrence parameters estimation," Journal of Vibroengineering, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 977-986, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.21595/jve.2014.15188.
  31. Motaghed and A. R. Fakhriyat, "Modeling inelastic behavior of RC adhered shear walls in OpenSees," Journal of Modeling in Engineering, vol. 18, no. 63, pp. 15-25, 2021. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.22059/jmei.2021.27362.
  32. Yazdani, A. Mehrabi Moghaddam, and M. S. Shahidzadeh, "Parametric Assessment of Uncertainties in Reliability Index of Reinforced Concrete MRF Structures Using Incremental Dynamic Analysis," Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 755-768, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.22060/ceej.2016.707
  33. W. Baker and C. A. Cornell, "Spectral shape, epsilon and record selection," Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 1077-1095, 2006. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.601.
  34. Jalayer and C. A. Cornell, "A technical framework for probability-based demand and capacity factor (DCFD) seismic formats," Report No. RMS-43, RMS Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 2003. [Online]. Available:  https://peer.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/0308_f._jalayer_c._allin_cornell.pdf
  35. SAC Joint Venture, "Recommended seismic design criteria for new steel moment frame buildings," Rep. No. FEMA-350, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C., 2000. [Online]. Available: https://nehrpsearch.nist.gov/static/files/ FEMA/PB2007111285.pdf
  36. Y. Yun, R. O. Hamburger, C. A. Cornell, and D. A. Foutch, "Seismic performance evaluation for steel moment frames," Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 128, no. 4, pp. 534-545, 2002. doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002)128:4(534).
  37. Jalayer and C. A. Cornell, "Alternative nonlinear demand estimation methods for probability based seismic assessments," Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 951-972, 2009. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1002/eqe.918.
  38. "Iranian National Building Code for Structural Loading-Standard 519 (part 6)," Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran, Iran, 2000, (in Persian). [Online]. Available:  https://codekav.ir/library/inso/حداقل-بار-وارده-بر-ساختمان‌ها-و-ابنیه-فن/
  39. "Iranian National Building Code for Structural Loading-Standard 519 (part 6)," Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran, Iran, 2013, (in Persian). [Online]. Available:   https://inbr.ir/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/mabhas-6.pdf
  40. "Iranian National Building Code for RC Structure Design, (part 9)," Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran, Iran, 2006, (in Persian).
  41. "Iranian National Building Code for RC Structure Design, (part 9)," Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran, Iran, 2013, (in Persian). [Online]. Available: https://inbr.ir/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/mabhas-9.pdf
  42. Vamvatsikos and C. A. Cornell, "Incremental dynamic analysis," Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 491-514, 2002. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1002/eqe.141.
  43. Shome and C. A. Cornell, "Probabilistic Seismic Demand Analysis of Nonlinear Structures. Reliability of Marine Structures," Report No. RMS-35, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 1999.
  44. Yazdani, A. Nicknam, M. Khanzadi, and S. Motaghed, "An artificial statistical method to estimate seismicity parameter from incomplete earthquake catalogs, a case study in metropolitan Tehran, Iran," Scientia Iranica, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 400-409, 2015. doi: https://doi.org/10.24200/sci.2015.14659.
  45. M. Reinhorn, S. K. Kunnath, and R. Valles-Mattox, "IDARC2D Version 7.0: A computer program for the inelastic damage analysis of reinforced concrete buildings," State University of New York at Buffalo, 2009. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.13140/RG.2.1.2518.8724
  46. Sadjadi, M. R. Kianoush, and S. Talebi, "Seismic performance of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames," Engineering Structures, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 2365-2380, 2007. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.01.003.
  47. Yaghmaei, S. Motaghed, A. Khooshecharrkh, "Correlation study between ground motion characteristic and RC frames damageability with intermediate ductility in Iran," Asas Journal, vol. 13, no. 28, pp. 60-70, 2018. [Online]. Available:  https://elmnet.ir/doc/99802-48012?elm_num=3
  48. Motaghed, M. Khazaee, N. Eftekhari, and M. Mohammadi, "A non-extensive approach to probabilistic seismic hazard analysis," Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1117-1124, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1117-2023.
International Journal of Reliability, Risk and Safety: Theory and Application
Volume 7, Issue 1
February 2024
Pages 93-102

  • Receive Date 05 April 2024
  • Revise Date 31 July 2024
  • Accept Date 03 August 2024